How to test a website before you launch: a 28 point checklist

How to test a website before you launch: a 28 point checklist Author .  Available from <https://www.clickz.com/how-to-test-a-website-before-you-launch-a-28-point-checklist/106011/> [Sept 20, 2016]

Three years ago, Mark Knowles wrote a thoroughchecklist for testing a website prior to its live launch. It was a very helpful guide, so we thought we’d update it for the current digital landscape.

Here we present a guide on how to test a website, full of updated information and tips to make sure everything looks and works exactly as it should on launch day. Everyone has a role here, and that’s how the tasks have been divided – for Editors, Designers, Developers, SEOs and Network Administrators.

Please note: many of the tips below are from Mark Knowles, but have been updated to reflect any changes.

For the Editor and Writers…

1. Spelling, grammar, punctuation

Check for proper spelling, typos, and grammar site-wide. Not just in article text and headlines, but also throughout the navigation, calls-to-action, buttons, forms etc.

2. Forms

Fill out the forms on the site and go through the following questions:

  • Can the flow be improved?
  • Do you get stuck?
  • Are the instructions accurate?
  • Does the completed form get sent to the right people or person?

3. Check images

Make sure your images are all optimised for the web. Ensuring they’re not too large – and site-speed draining. As well as being properly labelled with titles and alt-text.

wordpress-photo-upload-highlighting-caption-and-description

4. Context

When giving a critical eye to the pages within the site, ask:

  • Why would I visit this page?
  • Is the content ready for visitor?
  • Does the page address the audience?

For the Web Designer

5. Site speed

Check the size of your page sizes and their load time. You can use Google’s own site speed testto do this. Site speed is a ranking factor, so follow any improvements Google recommends as closely as you can.

6. Mobile friendliness

Is your website mobile-friendly. Frankly it’s very difficult not to building a multi-device compatible website in 2016, but just in case, here’s a handy checklist to ensure your website’s mobile-friendliness.

mobile-friendly-copy-1024x609

7. Compatibility

Check to make sure your website’s pages render well in common browsers. Browser share is a moving target so to help prioritize efforts, here’s a site that continually examines it.

8. Fonts

Sometimes font codes get dropped into a page inadvertently and make a letter or a word look funny. Check to see that the formatting is consistent, and look for odd blips in the copy.

9. Navigation

Test the navigation to breaking point. Make sure every single possible journey through your website leads to wherever its meant to without any broken links or wrong pages.

Makes sure your on-site search works, and it delivers accurate results, and if there are any zero-results that you’re providing navigation to other relevant pages.

For the Web Developer

10. Live URLs

Often, sites are built at a URL (uniform resource locator) that isn’t the website’s final destination. When a site goes live, the URLs are transferred from a staging area to production. All the URLs change at this time, and they need to be tested.

On small sites without any tools, you can navigate to each page to make sure they all work. On a site with fewer than 500 URLs, you can use Screaming Frog SEO Spider Tool for free to find bad URLs. For larger sites, there is a modest annual fee.

11. Sign up to Google Search Console

Google Search Console (previously Webmaster Tools) is an invaluable tool for all webmasters. This is where Google will communicate with you should anything go wrong (crawling errors, manual penalties, increase in 404 pages, malware detected, etc.)

Search Console is also where you can monitor your site’s performance, identify issues, submit content for crawling, remove content you don’t want indexed, view the search queries that brought visitors to your site, monitor backlinks.

You should also sign up to Bing Webmaster Tools.

12. Minify

This is a technique that combines and compresses website code into smaller chunks to speed up your site. You can read more about it at Google. Then, look at the website pre-launch to see if the site is using minify where it can.

13. 404 pages

When a 404 (“page not found”) error occurs, make sure you have a custom page to help your visitor find something else of use, even if it wasn’t what they were looking for. Do you have an HTML sitemap there? Does the 404 page include a site search?

14. Favicon

Favicons are those little iconic images that show up in the address bar and tabs of your browser. How does it help? It’s a small branding opportunity that lends credibility to your site. It’s nice to have one when you launch.

For the SEO team

15. 301 Redirects

Sometimes content is repurposed or gets moved to fit the new navigation structure of a site. If you have an existing site and you are changing the URL structure with your new site, you’ll want to make sure you’ve mapped the old URLs to the new ones.

The Screaming Frog spider mentioned earlier can be run on both the old site and the new. An Excel spreadsheet is a great way to document this effort. Column A has the old URL, and you place the new URL in Column B. Each row represents a redirect from old to new. On launch day, it’s time to execute.

16. Title Tags/Meta Data

This may sound like old news to some, but this easy-to-fix mistake happens every day. Make sure every page has a title tag, and make sure they are unique.

Also make sure each has a meta description. Although these snippets used in search aren’t necessarily a ranking signal, they will help a searcher decide whether to click-through or not.

17. XML Sitemaps/HTML Sitemap

Make sure your new website has an accurate site map in both XML and HTML format. You canupload your sitemap to Search Console, however most CMSs such as WordPress will automatically build a sitemap for you.

18. Analytics

Make sure Google Analytics or the analytics package you’re using, is set up and ready to go from day one so you can measure and analyse traffic to your site.

19. Structured markup

If you’re using Schema markup or any other structured data, is it rendering correctly in SERPs? You can check any errors and how to fix them in the structured markup section of Search Console.

20. Accelerated Mobile Pages

If you’re using Google’s AMP project to provide mobile searchers with faster loading web pages, you need to make sure these are rendering properly. Here’s a guide to implementing Google AMP on your website.

21. Social media integration

Do the social media icons on the site go to the correct pages? Do you have the right buttons and social plugins installed for what you are trying to accomplish and what you want the user to be able to do? (For example, does it ‘share a post’ rather than ‘Like’ your page on Facebook.)

22. SERP Display

Are the search engines displaying your pages correctly in the search engine results pages? Did you write proper meta descriptions, but they aren’t being used? Thoroughly investigate your visibility in Search Console.

23. PPC Setup

Make sure if you’re running any PPC campaigns that they’re set up and ready to go with the site launch. To avoid a lapse in service, if you have a Google PPC rep, you can set and pause all your campaigns to the new URLs prior to launch, and instead of the ads getting disapproved, your rep can approve them manually.

For the Network Administrator

24. Monitoring

A site monitor checks pages regularly to make sure it is available for visitors. Basic monitors check if the page is working.

Important pages within the site should have enhanced monitors that test if a completed form behaves the way it should. Enhanced monitors are more expensive to setup and keep running so the page in question needs to justify the additional expense.

25. Backup System

Have you thought about what happens if the server goes down? Make sure the backup system is configured properly, and the recovery process has been tested so you know it works.

26. Traffic Loads

Think about what might happen to your site if it gets an influx of heavy traffic. There are load test software tools that allow you to simulate heavy loads. If you are expecting big crowds, this is a must.

27. Protected Pages

Does your site have pages that require user credentials to view? If so, do the credentials work? From the opposite angle, also check to see that the pages can’t be viewed without proper credentials. Make several attempts to get to those URLs without proper credentials to make sure the security is working as expected.

28. Secure Certificate

If your site is ecommerce, or you’re using encrypted pages to protect visitor privacy on a form or elsewhere, you’ll want to check your certificate on launch day.

To do this, go to the encrypted section of your site. When the lock appears in the address bar, right click on it and read the message your visitors will read. It should have your name on it and state that it’s valid. If the lock doesn’t appear or the name isn’t right, let your provider know.

How to test a website before you launch: a 28 point checklist Author .  Available from <https://www.clickz.com/how-to-test-a-website-before-you-launch-a-28-point-checklist/106011/> [Sept 20, 2016]

Top 3 Digital Marketing Tips to Earn More Traffic to Your Website

Top 3 Digital Marketing Tips to Earn More Traffic to Your Website by William Morrow.  Availabe from <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-morrow/top-3-digital-marketing-t_b_12075358.html> [09/20/2016 04:58 pm ET]

We’ve all heard the statistics and reports on how search engine optimization (SEO) is a critical focus point for businesses on the internet. Setting a perfect stage for customers to come in and patronize your business in the form of a great website design is not just enough to make your business successful. You need several customer attraction points that can deliver not only the right quantity of referrals to your business but will also direct targeted, ready-to-buy customers to your business.

Social media may take the lead in website traffic referral for business on the internet, but what is undeniable is that search is still the leading source of the most targeted customers on the internet.

While this fact is known to most digital marketers, many are unable to recommend the right steps needed to attract qualified leads to their clients’ businesses.

This article will explore methods your business can use to make better gains through the search engine and improve sales.

Get on Google My Business

With Google’s increasing advancement in listing businesses along relevant search results, digital marketers and business owners are seeing better opportunities to get listed and be showcased directly to their customers.

Google My Business offers businesses with a brick-and-mortar presence the ability to get their business’ opening hour, phone number and location displayed to customers in search results and on Google Maps.

What’s more impressive is the “view office” feature that allows potential customers to take a virtual tour of your office without leaving Google or their seat. This will offer businesses several benefits which include increased trust and confidence in customers that have taken the virtual tour.

Use the instructions on Google My Business by Google to get started on setting your business up for the listing.

Encourage User Review

A lot of reports have shown that users who read reviews on your website, whetherthe customer reviews are negative or positive, will be highly likely to consider making a purchase from your website. Even leading digital marketing experts agree that using customer reviews on your website can enhance trust and transparency in your business.

According to Marc Smith from Top 10 Digital Agencies, “The best performing businesses have customers leave reviews on their websites so that potential buyers understand that they are dealing with trusted entities.”

There are several ways to encourage your customers to leave a review on your website. Being creative and open about the process will make them feel more comfortable to share their experience doing business with you and thus encourage others to come aboard.

Take Advantage of Off-Page Optimization

Off-page SEO is an important aspect of search optimization that businesses can take advantage of and get increased presence on top search results. While most businesses concentrate most of their resources on on-page efforts, signals like links, citations, and references on other websites are very credible ranking signals that Google considers.

In a comprehensive list that tries to share most of Google’s ranking factors, Brian Dean places the off-page optimizations efforts among the signals that Google’s algorithm considers when ranking a website.

Search engines have always been a very important aspect of digital marketing. This makes it critical for businesses to get search engine optimization right.

Top 3 Digital Marketing Tips to Earn More Traffic to Your Website by William Morrow.  Availabe from <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-morrow/top-3-digital-marketing-t_b_12075358.html> [09/20/2016 04:58 pm ET]

Top 5 E-Commerce Trends Of 2016

Top 5 E-Commerce Trends Of 2016 BY Amy Watson.  Available from <http://www.businesscomputingworld.co.uk/the-top-5-e-commerce-trends-of-2016/> [20/09/2016]

Ready to take on the world of e-commerce? If your answer is “not just yet”, here are some reasons why this year is the best time to pursue your online business dreams. 2016 is a great time to start working on the e-commerce dream you’ve had with the help of social media, different lending preferences, crowd funding, and the advancement of technology.

There are a lot of new trends in store for any passionate e-commerce startup with a great vision for an e-commerce business idea. This article will get you inspired by discussing the current situation and trends of e-commerce today perfect for any e-commerce startup like you for the year 2016.

But First, What Is E-Commerce?

E-commerce utilises an electronic network or the internet as a platform for buying and selling of goods and services. Usually, transactions under the e-commerce platform are B2B or business-to-business, B2C or business-to-consumer, C2C or consumer-to-consumer, and C2B or consumer-to-business. An e-commerce business usually makes use of various applications like email, online catalogues or shopping carts, social media, and the like.

Customers find e-commerce advantageous given its convenience, round-the-clock availability, speedy process, and the wide range of choices on goods and services available at the tip of their fingers. But the major downsides toeE-commerce in the perspective of a customer are that there is only a limited customer service, a long wait time, and the absence of concrete inspection of the product you wish to purchase.

Why Should You Start An E-Commerce Business?

Mobile and internet use have expanded globally making e-commerce advance radically over the years. With this fact comes the immense opportunity for storefronts to develop their significance and expand their market by finding their place online. The idea of starting an e-commerce business can cross any person’s mind considering the ease of access.

The only problem now is how to come up with a unique e-commerce business idea that can spark the interest of customers. It is common knowledge that an entrepreneur needs to carry out an in-depth research before going into any business. Before you wrack your brain for a distinct business niche to sell, it would be best if you check out the success stories of e-commerce pioneers.

Here are the top five e-commerce innovative ideas and trend from this year from the top dogs to inspire you in jumpstarting your e-commerce business venture.

1. Web To Print Business

Web to Print or web2print SaaS (software as a service) is where people can take advantage of the internet to customise/improve their desired products before being finalised by the seller company to print the designs along with producing the products. Products can range from brochures, catalogues, business cards, postcards, flyers, and other branding propaganda and even those that involve wide-format printing like banners. A good web-to-print software is used to realise all this. Here, the software may enable the customer to customise the “look” of a certain product, submit it to company for finalisation, then more possible needed coordination before the products are produced, that are all done seamlessly using the software, such as those from (http://buzz.newsjs.com/news/what-web-to-print-can-do-for-printers-just-get-the-answer-here) where customers can connect with their different requirements that they might just need for their projects.

2. Subscription E-Commerce

Here’s a good idea to spice up everybody’s month in the year: do subscription e-commerce! Imagine this: you send your customers a monthly (or it depends how often) box of treats by subscribing to your service! If you’re into organic food products, customers can get a monthly basket of organic goodies depending on the ingredients on season. If you’re into fashion, you can send them a box of trendy pieces depending on what’s hot at the moment like how Stitch Fix and Trunk Club do it. There’s no limit to your creativity and the systems you can employ to make it perfect! From your daily dose of coffee, your kid’s and pet’s playthings and even your personal hygiene products can come in a box every month. You can add it as a feature of your business, or you can base your service entirely to just that! (http://ecommerce-platforms.com/ecommerce-resources/the-hottest-ecommerce-subscription-businesses-right-now)

3. Online Grocery Store Via Apps

Nobody likes to find themselves waiting for hours at an overcrowded grocery store just to get their supplies. Sometimes you even have to haggle for your shopper’s discounts. With the advent of online food ordering apps, you can now skip preparing a shopping list, asking a shopkeeper which aisle it’s found and worrying about whether you’ve brought enough cash with you. This e-commerce idea delves into this common inconvenience. An online grocery app allows customers to choose grocery or food items, the method of delivery and even the mode of payment. (http://www.fooddive.com/news/7-grocery-retail-technologies-to-innovate-the-shopping-experience/399553/)

4. Hotel Room Booking Via Apps

One of the inconveniences a person has to experience when it comes to going on vacations is the hassle of booking a hotel. You still have to worry whether it’s at a close proximity to your venue, fully booked, clean, and other things. With hotel mobile apps taking an innovative approach into hospitality marketing, hotels can provide a seamless reservation process, using push notifications or in-app messaging to provide personalised service and to relay valuable information to their guests about their stay. There are also curated guides in the apps containing leisure activities, restaurants, transportation tips and location maps that guests can use. Like how The Bulgari Hotel in London utilises their curated mobile booking app as a guide with information ranging from nightlife, shopping, and galleries for the Bulgari traveller. (http://blog.apps-builder.com/hotels-with-mobile-apps/)

5. Product Curation E-Commerce

Modern shoppers are drawn to the convenience of e-commerce simply because they value their time more than anything. At the same time, customers are faced with choice overload while needing some expert purchasing advice. This e-commerce practice had brands exploring on personalising the shopping experience – which led to the trend of curated shopping. Curated e-commerce aims to assist shoppers on finding out products based on their own unique tastes and preferences. Websites and online apps like ShoeDazzle, JustFab, and MYHABIT let their customers take a quick online quiz to specify their style preferences, physical profile and available budget. The agony of choice is quite real, and anything that will help alleviate the overload will be much appreciated. (http://www.guided-selling.org/curated-shopping-how-it-works-and-how-successful-it-is/)

This year, many e-commerce trailblazers established even more unique ideas for the already abundant industry. This is also an exciting time to be in the e-commerce industry seeing as how everyone strives to innovate. But innovation isn’t all about the investment; creativity is what makes all the good difference. What’s great with the online platform is that it doesn’t necessarily require big capital but rather outside-the-box thinking. You will have an edge if you can see possibilities where others can’t. Prepare yourself to create new ideas as 2016 reveals many attractive and rare assortments in the e-commerce realm.

Top 5 E-Commerce Trends Of 2016 BY Amy Watson.  Available from <http://www.businesscomputingworld.co.uk/the-top-5-e-commerce-trends-of-2016/> [20/09/2016]

Choosing a Web CMS Platform: How to See Beyond the Hype

Choosing a Web CMS Platform: How to See Beyond the Hype By .  Available from <http://www.cmswire.com/web-cms/choosing-a-web-cms-platform-how-to-see-beyond-the-hype/> [Sep 20, 2016]

Anyone reading this article in the hopes of finding a cure-all for all your web content management woes, stop here.

Choosing the right web content management system (CMS) is no guarantee of success.

A great implementation of an average to poor CMS will perform better than a great CMS implemented poorly.

But choosing the right CMS gives you a great start on what we hope will be a long and beautiful relationship.

So how do you go about picking the right one for your organization?

Tip #1 Establish Your CMS Requirements

I promised myself I wouldn’t mention this again, but the top of the top-most tips is to invest in developing requirements and scenarios before doing a feature function comparison of what’s in the market.

Tip #2 Understand the Content Management Market

This vital step can turn into a potential distraction, as some organizations view “understanding the market” as “understanding the art of the possible.” What’s possible often has little to do with your requirements, and will turn your procurement process into pursuit of an unrealistic wish list.

Of course your set of requirements needs to include some forward thinking to ensure the platform can stay the five year course. Market research from analysts and vendors can augment the pragmatic needs you have today, and offer some level of future-proofing against trends.

However, the CMS market can at times offer a hodgepodge of opinions on where the future lies, which don’t always relate to the real needs of managing web content.

I’ve been through the hype cycles over the years. Personalization hit first, with Vignette battling BroadVision over an argument about cookies.

Then we moved on to enterprise CMS, with promises that Vignette, FatWire or Interwoven/Autonomy would become the SAP of enterprise information management. And here we are today, with the battle of ideas between Adobe, Sitecore and SDL around customer experience.

Personalization is back in the picture, which brings us full circle to Vignette in 2003.

The rise and fall of the perceived market leader can happen pretty quickly.

Multiple web CMS vendors have come and gone over the years and clients still face the challenge of publishing web pages.

So review the market, but use your requirements and try to avoid the more prosaic predictions and distracting functionality.

Tip #3 Don’t Over-Spec and Over-Buy

One of the common issues I’ve seen with clients is that they have over bought.

You’d think buying something beyond your needs would be a safe bet. Sure, eventually we may want to manage every content asset in this hub, yes, at some point we may introduce 17 languages, yes, someday we may do multi-channel targeting.

However, what really happens is that the organization ends up with an unwieldy system that is expensive to maintain and 50 percent of its functionality lies idle.

An “enterprise” product (however you want to define that) will inevitably be more complex to implement and use.

This happens to big and small organizations. Just because you are a large enterprise, does not always mean you need a big enterprise product from the top right of Gartner’s Magic Quadrant.

Those features that seemed so fantastic in the demo just get in the way of getting stuff done.

The complexity of the solution raises the risk of a bad implementation, increases the price for the skills required, the authors hate using it and finance hates paying the maintenance (and those cheeky chaps in the local market are using WordPress).

Tip #4 Open Source is Not Free Beer: It’s Free Puppies1

A free download of some crowd-sourced IP is not the key to web content management nirvana — the same challenges await during the implementation and maintenance of the solution.

A box full of poorly taught free puppies could result in greater mayhem than those potentially well-trained puppies that you could have paid for.

Once again, business requirements are key. All of the solutions, regardless of source, need to be judged against those requirements. Being “open source” is not a business requirement, it is just a different way to structure the procurement and servicing of your project.

The open source market offers some great solutions that will stand up to many enterprise needs, but open source does not equal a free pass on meeting your business needs.

Judge the solution the same way as any other vendor, including skills, costs, support and risks for the duration of your five year relationship.

Tip #5 Ensure You Compare Apples with Apples

The cloud and new commercial models based on subscription and consumption have also disrupted the standard perpetual software licensing model and commercial relationships.

At this point, most vendors are offering their products in a combination of these models: offering to host a perpetual software license, offering SaaS or PaaS and folks like Acquia offering open source (Drupal) in the cloud.

Comparing solutions using these different models is a challenge.

Direct comparisons of a perpetual license that doesn’t include hosting and support to a PaaS or SaaS solution won’t work. Ultimately you need to consider the full cost, including hosting, support, maintenance, etc., in whatever form that comes.

Once again it comes down to this: does the contract meet your business needs?

Tip #6 Dig Into the Community, Follow Up on References

Community activity is a standard litmus test for open source projects.

Community activity can signal a vendor’s progressive development and the level of support to expect going forward. If a product has no friends, no buzz in the development communities, you will have a hard time attracting skills to your project.

It’s not just the developer community. Speak to people that use the product — and not just to the references the vendor provided. Try to speak to the user community or your peers in other businesses who have implemented the solution.

Some simple online sleuthing and a polite LinkedIn request could save a lot of pain later.

Tip #7 Imagine Day 365 of the Project

You’re sitting across the table from the vendor, ready to commit to this potential partner for the next five years.

This person has to be there with you when you are tearing your hair out at 2 a.m. when the inevitable disaster happens. Will they be there?

Use the procurement process to get to know the solutions and the partner. You only get one go at this, take your time and remember — you’re in charge.

Avoid the boring procurement box ticking of RFPs. Emphasize setting tasks, like demoing against scenarios, a proof of concept and a pilot that enables you to see them outside thestage managed pitch conference room.

You’re entering a two-way marriage which should benefit both of you. Let’s just hope that this time around it’s “the one.”

Title image Geetanjal Khanna

Choosing a Web CMS Platform: How to See Beyond the Hype By .  Available from <http://www.cmswire.com/web-cms/choosing-a-web-cms-platform-how-to-see-beyond-the-hype/> [Sep 20, 2016]

Six tips for staying safe online

Six tips for staying safe online Article By: Megan Ellis.  Available from <http://technology.iafrica.com/features/1036155.html>[

More and more people are falling victim to cybercrimes, from downloading malware to falling for phishing scams.

We spoke to Kaspersky Lab Africa’s MD Riaan Badenhorst to find out how users can stay safe online.

Here are six tips for staying safe online.

Encrypt your sensitive information

“If your smart device or computer contains data encryption features, make sure you use them to minimise the chances of your personal information from being lost or stolen,” Badenhorst says.

This can apply to anything from confidential files to pictures you wouldn’t want to show up online.

Various operating systems have some way of encrypting files and a quick internet search can point you in the right direction.

Don’t use unreliable apps

Messenger apps are considered by users to be the most unreliable communication tools, according to Kaspersky Lab research.

However, it’s pretty difficult to avoid using these apps in today’s online world.

Badenhorst suggests only using apps you know that you can trust.

“It is also important that users are careful when choosing online tools for personal communication, and only use a device reliably protected by a password and an Internet security solution,” he says.

Whatsapp this year announced that it had encrypted user messages, meaning that your information is pretty safe. However there are a few unreliable apps out there.

Install an Internet Security app

Badenhorst suggests using internet security apps and programs to protect your devices. There are a variety of options out there with varying levels of security.

Of course, he touts Kaspersky Internet Security for Android as a good option.

“It can help protect your privacy, and safeguard personal data, even if your device is lost or stolen. It also has a function that allows you to protect and track all the data saved on your smartphone – so that it is easily traceable and well protected,” he says.

Create a strong password

This must be the oldest advice in the book, but it’s also the most often ignored advice.

Having a strong password is the first line of defence from having your information accessed without permission.

You should also not use the same password for multiple accounts – after all, this is how Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg got hacked earlier this year.

Don’t open suspicious emails

One of the easiest ways hackers can get your personal information is by using email scams. While most of now know not to trust those Nigerian prince requests for help, there are many variations of scams out there.

“In light of emails that claim that you have won the lottery or a certain amount of money due to a competition, if it’s too good to be true – it probably is,” Badenhorst said.

“Remember to NEVER send your personal information via email to anyone you don’t know (not even banks ask for this information via email).”

Also, do not open files or follow links from senders you don’t know – this can often lead to malware being downloaded to your device.

“In most cases, when handling a spam message, the best course of action is to simply delete the message immediately,” Badenhorst says.

Be cautious while shopping online

Online shopping is one of the great things about the internet – but it also comes with risks.

“At Kaspersky Lab we encourage users to check if the URL onto the address bar is correct. Instead of just clicking a link to take you to your chosen retailer’s website, it’s safer to type the retailer’s URL into the address bar on your web browser. It may take a little more effort, but this simple action can help to prevent you visiting a fake or malicious website,” Badenhorst says.

Also, always check when you have to put in any payment information that the URL starts with “https”. Sites that don’t have a valid security certificate won’t have this, or if their security certificate has expired there will be a red line through the “https” to indicate it is not necessarily secure.

Photo Credit: pexels.com

Six tips for staying safe online Article By: Megan Ellis.  Available from <http://technology.iafrica.com/features/1036155.html>[